概述

使用Python内置函数：bin()、oct()、int()、hex()可实现进制转换。

先看Python官方文档中对这几个内置函数的描述：

bin(x)
Convert an integer number to a binary string. The result is a valid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object,it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

oct(x)
Convert an integer number to an octal string. The result is a valid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object,it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

int([number | string[,base]])
Convert a number or string to an integer. If no arguments are given,return 0. If a number is given,return number.__int__(). Conversion of floating point numbers to integers truncates towards zero. A string must be a base-radix integer literal optionally preceded by ‘+' or ‘-‘ (with no space in between) and optionally surrounded by whitespace. A base-n literal consists of the digits 0 to n-1,with ‘a' to ‘z' (or ‘A' to ‘Z') having values 10 to 35. The default base is 10. The allowed values are 0 and 2-36. Base-2,-8,and -16 literals can be optionally prefixed with 0b/0B,0o/0O,or 0x/0X,as with integer literals in code. Base 0 means to interpret exactly as a code literal,so that the actual base is 2,8,10,or 16,and so that int('010',0) is not legal,while int('010') is,as well as int('010',8).

hex(x)
Convert an integer number to a hexadecimal string. The result is a valid Python expression. If x is not a Python int object,it has to define an __index__() method that returns an integer.

bin()、oct()、hex()的返回值均为字符串，且分别带有0b、0o、0x前缀。

Python进制转换（二进制、十进制和十六进制）实例

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# 2/10/16 base trans. wrote by srcdog on 20th,April,2009
# ld elements in base 2,16.

import os,sys

# global deFinition
# base = [0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,A,B,C,D,E,F]
base = [str(x) for x in range(10)] + [ chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'),ord('A')+6)]

# bin2dec
# 二进制 to 十进制: int(str,n=10) 
def bin2dec(string_num):
 return str(int(string_num,2))

# hex2dec
# 十六进制 to 十进制
def hex2dec(string_num):
 return str(int(string_num.upper(),16))

# dec2bin
# 十进制 to 二进制: bin() 
def dec2bin(string_num):
 num = int(string_num)
 mid = []
 while True:
 if num == 0: break
 num,rem = divmod(num,2)
 mid.append(base[rem])

 return ''.join([str(x) for x in mid[::-1]])

# dec2hex
# 十进制 to 八进制: oct() 
# 十进制 to 十六进制: hex() 
def dec2hex(string_num):
 num = int(string_num)
 mid = []
 while True:
 if num == 0: break
 num,16)
 mid.append(base[rem])

 return ''.join([str(x) for x in mid[::-1]])

# hex2tobin
# 十六进制 to 二进制: bin(int(str,16)) 
def hex2bin(string_num):
 return dec2bin(hex2dec(string_num.upper()))

# bin2hex
# 二进制 to 十六进制: hex(int(str,2)) 
def bin2hex(string_num):
 return dec2hex(bin2dec(string_num))

以下代码用于实现十进制转二进制、八进制、十六进制：

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

# Filename : test.py
# author by : www.jb51.net

# 获取用户输入十进制数
dec = int(input("输入数字："))

print("十进制数为：",dec)
print("转换为二进制为：",bin(dec))
print("转换为八进制为：",oct(dec))
print("转换为十六进制为：",hex(dec))

执行以上代码输出结果为：

python3 test.py
输入数字：5
十进制数为：5
转换为二进制为： 0b101
转换为八进制为： 0o5
转换为十六进制为： 0x5

python3 test.py
输入数字：12
十进制数为：12
转换为二进制为： 0b1100
转换为八进制为： 0o14
转换为十六进制为： 0xc

具体实现

十进制到二进制：

def dec2bin(num):
 l = []
 if num < 0:
 return '-' + dec2bin(abs(num))
 while True:
 num,remainder = divmod(num,2)
 l.append(str(remainder))
 if num == 0:
  return ''.join(l[::-1])

十进制到八进制：

def dec2oct(num):
 l = []
 if num < 0:
 return '-' + dec2oct(abs(num))
 while True:
 num,8)
 l.append(str(remainder))
 if num == 0:
  return ''.join(l[::-1])

十进制到十六进制：

base = [str(x) for x in range(10)] + [ chr(x) for x in range(ord('A'),ord('A')+6)]
def dec2hex(num):
 l = []
 if num < 0:
 return '-' + dec2hex(abs(num))
 while True:
 num,16)
 l.append(base[rem])
 if num == 0:
  return ''.join(l[::-1])

python进2、8、16制转换源码

def cn(x):
 return x.decode('utf-8')
a=int(raw_input(cn('请输入要转换的数字:')))
b=int(raw_input(cn('请输入要转换的进制:')))
def x(n,k):
 if k==16:
  d=n
  s=""
  while d!=0:
   d,f=divmod(d,k)
   if f==10:
    f='a'
   if f==11:
    f='b'
   if f==12:
    f='c'
   if f==13:
    f='d'
   if f==14:
    f='e'
   if f==15:
    f='f'
   s=str(f)+s
  return s
 elif k==2 or k==8:
  d=n
  s=""
  while d!=0:
   d,k)
   s=str(f)+s
  return s
c=x(a,b)
print c
#本程序仅支持2,16进制，若想支持更多进制请自己动脑该代码吧！

python 十进制整数转换为任意进制（36以内）

def baseN(num,b):
  return ((num == 0) and "0") or (baseN(num // b,b).lstrip("0") + "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"[num % b])

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