您可以从命令行发出以下查询:
MysqL -uUSER -p -e 'SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_Name LIKE "%dir"'
输出(在Linux上):
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
| basedir | /usr |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/MysqL/charsets/ |
| datadir | /var/lib/MysqL/ |
| innodb_data_home_dir | |
| innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ |
| lc_messages_dir | /usr/share/MysqL/ |
| plugin_dir | /usr/lib/MysqL/plugin/ |
| slave_load_tmpdir | /tmp |
| tmpdir | /tmp |
+---------------------------+----------------------------+
输出(在macOS Sierra上):
+---------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+---------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
| basedir | /usr/local/MysqL-5.7.17-macos10.12-x86_64/ |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/local/MysqL-5.7.17-macos10.12-x86_64/share/charsets/ |
| datadir | /usr/local/MysqL/data/ |
| innodb_data_home_dir | |
| innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ |
| innodb_tmpdir | |
| lc_messages_dir | /usr/local/MysqL-5.7.17-macos10.12-x86_64/share/ |
| plugin_dir | /usr/local/MysqL/lib/plugin/ |
| slave_load_tmpdir | /var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n000009800002_/T/ |
| tmpdir | /var/folders/zz/zyxvpxvq6csfxvn_n000009800002_/T/ |
+---------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------+
或者,如果只希望使用数据目录:
MysqL -uUSER -p -e 'SHOW VARIABLES WHERE Variable_Name = "datadir"'
这些命令在Windows上也可以使用, 。
顺便说一句,which MysqL
按照您所说的在Linux上执行时,您不会在Linux上获得 安装 目录。您只会得到二进制路径,该路径/usr/bin
在Linux上,但是您会看到MysqL安装正在使用多个文件夹来存储文件。
如果您需要datadir的值作为输出,并且仅此而已,没有列标题等,但是您没有GNU环境(awk | grep | sed …),请使用以下命令行:
MysqL -s -N -uUSER -p information_schema -e 'SELECT Variable_Value FROM GLOBAL_VARIABLES WHERE Variable_Name = "datadir"'
该命令将仅从MysqL的内部information_schema
数据库中选择值,并禁用表格输出和列标题。
在Linux上的输出:
/var/lib/MysqL