无需编写任何自定义代码即可实现此目的- 默认情况下，Hibernate将记录异常原因。如果看不到此内容，则必须正确设置Hibernate日志记录。这是slf4j + log4j的示例，并使用Maven进行依赖项管理。
public class PGExceptionTest {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(
"pgextest");
EntityManager entityManager = entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
entityManager.getTransaction().begin();
// here I attempt to persist an object with an ID that is already in use
entityManager.persist(new PGExceptionTestBean(1));
entityManager.getTransaction().commit();
entityManager.close();
}
}
log4j.rootLogger=ERROR, stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
<persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd"
version="2.0">
<persistence-unit name="pgextest">
<properties>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.driver" value="org.postgresql.Driver"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/pgextest"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.user" value="postgres"/>
<property name="javax.persistence.jdbc.password" value="postgres"/>
<property name="hibernate.dialect" value="org.hibernate.dialect.PostgresqlDialect"/>
<property name="hibernate.jdbc.batch_size" value="5"/>
</properties>
</persistence-unit>
</persistence>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>pgextest</groupId>
<artifactId>pgextest</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>1.6</source>
<target>1.6</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>3.6.9.Final</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>postgresql</groupId>
<artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
<version>9.1-901.jdbc4</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>1.6.1</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.15</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
ERROR [main] - Batch entry 0 insert into PGExceptionTestBean (label, id) values (NULL, '1') was aborted. Call getNextException to see the cause.
ERROR [main] - ERROR: duplicate key value violates unique constraint "pgexceptiontestbean_pkey"
这也许值得一提的是，您可以禁用JDBC批处理，通过属性设置包装原始异常hibernate.jdbc.batch_size到0（不用说了你可能不希望这样做生产。）
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