只要可以在web.xml中静态提供配置文件名称，或者使用新的无XML配置类型（配置文件可以通过编程方式从属性文件中加载配置文件）。
当我们仍然使用XML版本时，我进一步进行了调查，发现了以下不错的解决方案，你在其中实现了自己的解决方案，你ApplicationContextInitializer只需将带有属性文件的新PropertySource添加到源列表中以搜索特定于环境的配置设置。在下面的示例中，可以spring.profiles.active在env.properties文件中设置属性。
public class P13nApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
private static Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(P13nApplicationContextInitializer.class);
@Override
public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
ConfigurableEnvironment environment = applicationContext.getEnvironment();
try {
environment.getPropertySources().addFirst(new ResourcePropertySource("classpath:env.properties"));
LOG.info("env.properties loaded");
} catch (IOException e) {
// it's ok if the file is not there. we will just log that info.
LOG.info("didn't find env.properties in classpath so not loading it in the AppContextInitialized");
}
}
}
然后，你需要将该初始值设定项作为ContextLoaderListenerspring 的参数添加，如下所示web.xml：
<context-param>
<param-name>contextInitializerClasses</param-name>
<param-value>somepackage.P13nApplicationContextInitializer</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
你也可以将其应用于DispatcherServlet：
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextInitializerClasses</param-name>
<param-value>somepackage.P13nApplicationContextInitializer</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
in web.xml
<context-param>
<param-name>spring.profiles.active</param-name>
<param-value>profileName</param-value>
</context-param>
使用 WebApplicationInitializer 当你web.xml在Servlet 3.0环境中没有文件并且完全从Java启动Spring 时，可以使用这种方法：
class SpringInitializer extends WebApplicationInitializer {
void onStartup(ServletContext container) {
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext rootContext = new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
rootContext.getEnvironment().setActiveProfiles("profileName");
rootContext.register(SpringConfiguration.class);
container.addListener(new ContextLoaderListener(rootContext));
}
}
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