下面是困难的方法。这是简单的方法。不知道为什么我早就没想到。
import inspect
def get_user_attributes(cls):
boring = dir(type('dummy', (object,), {}))
return [item
for item in inspect.getmembers(cls)
if item[0] not in boring]
这是一个开始
def get_user_attributes(cls):
boring = dir(type('dummy', (object,), {}))
attrs = {}
bases = reversed(inspect.getmro(cls))
for base in bases:
if hasattr(base, '__dict__'):
attrs.update(base.__dict__)
elif hasattr(base, '__slots__'):
if hasattr(base, base.__slots__[0]):
# We're dealing with a non-string sequence or one char string
for item in base.__slots__:
attrs[item] = getattr(base, item)
else:
# We're dealing with a single identifier as a string
attrs[base.__slots__] = getattr(base, base.__slots__)
for key in boring:
del attrs['key'] # we can be sure it will be present so no need to guard this
return attrs
这应该相当健壮。本质上，它通过获取object要忽略的默认子类上的属性来工作。然后，它获取传递给它的类的mro并以相反的顺序遍历它，以便子类键可以覆盖超类键。它返回键值对的字典。如果您想要一个键列表，inspect.getmembers则使用in中的值元组，然后在Python 3中返回attrs.items()或list(attrs.items())。
如果您实际上并不想遍历mro，而只想直接在子类上定义属性，那么它会更容易：
def get_user_attributes(cls):
boring = dir(type('dummy', (object,), {}))
if hasattr(cls, '__dict__'):
attrs = cls.__dict__.copy()
elif hasattr(cls, '__slots__'):
if hasattr(base, base.__slots__[0]):
# We're dealing with a non-string sequence or one char string
for item in base.__slots__:
attrs[item] = getattr(base, item)
else:
# We're dealing with a single identifier as a string
attrs[base.__slots__] = getattr(base, base.__slots__)
for key in boring:
del attrs['key'] # we can be sure it will be present so no need to guard this
return attrs
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