使用numpy.sqrt而不是math.sqrt。numpy.sqrt期望标量或数组作为输入，另一方面math.sqrt只能处理标量。
>>> import numpy as np
>>> import math
>>> a = np.arange(5)
>>> np.sqrt(a)
array([ 0. , 1. , 1.41421356, 1.73205081, 2. ])
#error
>>> math.sqrt(a)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<ipython-input-78-c7d50051514f>", line 1, in <module>
math.sqrt(a)
TypeError: only length-1 arrays can be converted to Python scalars
>>>
602392714
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