根据您的评论，如果您知道只有两个级别，那么有一个简单的解决方案：
select *
from @Features feat
order by
case
when ParentID = 0
then Feature
else (
select Feature
from @Features parent
where parent.FeatureID = feat.ParentID
)
end
, case when ParentID = 0 then 1 end desc
, Feature
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