您的语法对于MysqL来说看起来是正确的，但是最好写成：
UPDATE table2 a join
table1 b
on a.ID = b.ID
SET a.col1 = b.col1,
a.col2 = b.col2,
a.col3 = a.col3 + b.col1,
a.col4 = a.col4 + b.col2;
对于sql Server，语法为：
UPDATE a
SET col1 = b.col1,
col2 = b.col2,
col3 = a.col3 + b.col1,
col4 = a.col4 + b.col2
FROM table2 a join
table1 b
on a.ID = b.ID;
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