您正在描述间隔树。
pip install intervaltree
用法：
from intervaltree import IntervalTree, Interval
tree = IntervalTree()
tree[200:400] = True # or you can use ranges as the "values"
tree[450:470] = True
tree[700:900] = True
查询：
>>> tree
IntervalTree([Interval(200, 400, True), Interval(450, 470, True), Interval(700, 900, True)])
>>> tree[250]
{Interval(200, 400, True)}
>>> tree[150]
set()
添加重叠范围：
>>> tree[450:490] = True
>>> tree
IntervalTree([Interval(200, 400, True), Interval(450, 470, True), Interval(450, 490, True), Interval(700, 900, True)])
>>> tree.merge_overlaps()
>>> tree
IntervalTree([Interval(200, 400, True), Interval(450, 490), Interval(700, 900, True)])
丢弃：
>>> tree.chop(300, 350)
>>> tree
IntervalTree([Interval(200, 300, True), Interval(350, 400, True), Interval(450, 490), Interval(700, 900, True)])
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