一种不错的方法是使用PEP 302中所述的自定义元导入挂钩。可以编写一个从字符串字典动态导入模块的类：
"""Use custom Meta hook to import modules available as strings.
Cp. PEP 302 http://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0302/#specification-part-2-registering-hooks"""
import sys
import imp
modules = {"a" :
"""def hello():
return 'Hello World A!'""",
"b":
"""def hello():
return 'Hello World B!'"""}
class StringImporter(object):
def __init__(self, modules):
self._modules = dict(modules)
def find_module(self, fullname, path):
if fullname in self._modules.keys():
return self
return None
def load_module(self, fullname):
if not fullname in self._modules.keys():
raise ImportError(fullname)
new_module = imp.new_module(fullname)
exec self._modules[fullname] in new_module.__dict__
return new_module
if @R_403_1211@ == '__main__':
sys.Meta_path.append(StringImporter(modules))
# Let's use our import hook
from a import hello
print hello()
from b import hello
print hello()
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