比较器的输出验证了multi_matchVS query_string。
multi_match（与operator一起使用and）将确保所有术语都存在于至少一个字段中：
curl -XGET 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/_validate/query?pretty=1&explain=true' -d '
{
"multi_match" : {
"operator" : "and",
"fields" : [
"firstname",
"lastname"
],
"query" : "john smith"
}
}
'
# {
# "_shards" : {
# "Failed" : 0,
# "successful" : 1,
# "total" : 1
# },
# "explanations" : [
# {
# "index" : "test",
# "explanation" : "((+lastname:john +lastname:smith) | (+firstname:john +firstname:smith))",
# "valid" : true
# }
# ],
# "valid" : true
# }
虽然query_string（with default_operator AND）将检查EACH术语是否存在于至少一个字段中：
curl -XGET 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/_validate/query?pretty=1&explain=true' -d '
{
"query_string" : {
"fields" : [
"firstname",
"lastname"
],
"query" : "john smith",
"default_operator" : "AND"
}
}
'
# {
# "_shards" : {
# "Failed" : 0,
# "successful" : 1,
# "total" : 1
# },
# "explanations" : [
# {
# "index" : "test",
# "explanation" : "+(firstname:john | lastname:john) +(firstname:smith | lastname:smith)",
# "valid" : true
# }
# ],
# "valid" : true
# }
因此，您有几种选择可以实现自己的目标：
在使用搜索引擎之前，请准备好搜索字词，以删除通配符等内容。 query_string
准备搜索词以提取每个单词，然后为每个单词生成multi_match查询
使用index_name您的映射名称字段来索引他们的数据到一个单一的领域，然后你就可以使用搜索。（例如您自己的自定义all字段）：
如下：
curl -XPUT 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/test/?pretty=1' -d '
{
"mappings" : {
"test" : {
"properties" : {
"firstname" : {
"index_name" : "name",
"type" : "string"
},
"lastname" : {
"index_name" : "name",
"type" : "string"
}
}
}
}
}
'
curl -XPOST 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/test/test?pretty=1' -d '
{
"firstname" : "john",
"lastname" : "smith"
}
'
curl -XGET 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/test/test/_search?pretty=1' -d '
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"name" : {
"operator" : "and",
"query" : "john smith"
}
}
}
}
'
# {
# "hits" : {
# "hits" : [
# {
# "_source" : {
# "firstname" : "john",
# "lastname" : "smith"
# },
# "_score" : 0.2712221,
# "_index" : "test",
# "_id" : "VJFU_RWbRNaeHF9wNM8fRA",
# "_type" : "test"
# }
# ],
# "max_score" : 0.2712221,
# "total" : 1
# },
# "timed_out" : false,
# "_shards" : {
# "Failed" : 0,
# "successful" : 5,
# "total" : 5
# },
# "took" : 33
# }
但是请注意，firstname并且lastname不再可以独立搜索。这两个字段的数据都已索引到中name。
您可以将multifields与path参数一起使用，以使它们既可以独立搜索也可以一起搜索，如下所示：
curl -XPUT 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/test/?pretty=1' -d '
{
"mappings" : {
"test" : {
"properties" : {
"firstname" : {
"fields" : {
"firstname" : {
"type" : "string"
},
"any_name" : {
"type" : "string"
}
},
"path" : "just_name",
"type" : "multi_field"
},
"lastname" : {
"fields" : {
"any_name" : {
"type" : "string"
},
"lastname" : {
"type" : "string"
}
},
"path" : "just_name",
"type" : "multi_field"
}
}
}
}
}
'
curl -XPOST 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/test/test?pretty=1' -d '
{
"firstname" : "john",
"lastname" : "smith"
}
'
搜索any_name现场作品：
curl -XGET 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/test/test/_search?pretty=1' -d '
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"any_name" : {
"operator" : "and",
"query" : "john smith"
}
}
}
}
'
# {
# "hits" : {
# "hits" : [
# {
# "_source" : {
# "firstname" : "john",
# "lastname" : "smith"
# },
# "_score" : 0.2712221,
# "_index" : "test",
# "_id" : "Xf9qqKt0TpCuyLWioNh-iQ",
# "_type" : "test"
# }
# ],
# "max_score" : 0.2712221,
# "total" : 1
# },
# "timed_out" : false,
# "_shards" : {
# "Failed" : 0,
# "successful" : 5,
# "total" : 5
# },
# "took" : 11
# }
搜索firstname为john AND smith不工作：
curl -XGET 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/test/test/_search?pretty=1' -d '
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"firstname" : {
"operator" : "and",
"query" : "john smith"
}
}
}
}
'
# {
# "hits" : {
# "hits" : [],
# "max_score" : null,
# "total" : 0
# },
# "timed_out" : false,
# "_shards" : {
# "Failed" : 0,
# "successful" : 5,
# "total" : 5
# },
# "took" : 2
# }
但是搜索firstname仅能john正常工作：
curl -XGET 'http://127.0.0.1:9200/test/test/_search?pretty=1' -d '
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"firstname" : {
"operator" : "and",
"query" : "john"
}
}
}
}
'
# {
# "hits" : {
# "hits" : [
# {
# "_source" : {
# "firstname" : "john",
# "lastname" : "smith"
# },
# "_score" : 0.30685282,
# "_index" : "test",
# "_id" : "Xf9qqKt0TpCuyLWioNh-iQ",
# "_type" : "test"
# }
# ],
# "max_score" : 0.30685282,
# "total" : 1
# },
# "timed_out" : false,
# "_shards" : {
# "Failed" : 0,
# "successful" : 5,
# "total" : 5
# },
# "took" : 3
# }
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